of the shield

arma, ōrum, n. ( gen. plur. armūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155; Att. ap. Non. p. 495, 23, considered by Cic. in the connection armūm judicium as less correct than armorum) [cf. ARÔ, arariskô = to fit; arthron = joint; harmos = armus = joint, shoulder; artaô = artio, arto = to fit, to fit in closely; artios = fit, exact; artus = close, narrow; ars (artis) = the craft of fitting things; artifex, artificium; Goth. arms = O. H. Germ. aram = Engl. arm; Sanscr. ar = to hit upon, attain; aram = fit, fast; īrmas = arm. Curt.].

Lit.

1.. What is fitted to the body for its protection, defensive armor, as the shield, coat of mail, helmet, etc.:

tot milia armorum, detracta corporibus hostium,

Liv. 45, 39:

induere arma,

id. 30, 31:

arma his imperata, galea, clipeum, ocreae, lorica, omnia ex aere,

id. 1, 43:

pictis et auro caelatis refulgens armis,

id. 7, 10. —

Specifically, a shield:

at Lausum socii exanimem super arma ferebant,

on a shield, Verg. A. 10, 841:

caelestia arma, quae ancilia appellantur,

Liv. 1, 20 (v. ancile); id. 8, 30; 1, 37; cf. Verg. A. 1, 119 Heyne; Tac. G. 11 Rup.; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 43:

Aeneas se collegit in arma,

gathered himself under his shield, Verg. A. 12, 491.—Hence, in a more extended sense,

Implements of war, arms, both of defence and offence (but of the latter only those which are used in close contest, such as the sword, axe, club; in distinction from tela, which are used in contest at a distance; hence, arma and tela are often contrasted; v. the foll., and cf. Bremi and Dähne ad Nep. Dat. 11, 3): arma rigent, horrescunt tela, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4; id. ap. Non. p. 469, 26:

arma alia ad tegendum, alia ad nocendum,

Cic. Caec. 21:

armis condicione positis aut defetigatione abjectis aut victoriā detractis,

id. Fam. 6, 2:

illum dicis cum armis aureis, Quoius etc.,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 16:

ibi Simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60:

arma antiqua manus, ungues dentesque fuerunt Et lapides, et item, silvarum fragmina, ramei,

Lucr. 5, 1283; so,

Mutum et turpe pecus (i. e. primeval man), glandem et cubilia propter Unguibus et pugnis, dein fustibus, atque ita porro Pugnabant armis, quae post fabricaverat usus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 100 sqq.:

capere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; id. Rab. Perd. 6 and 7:

sumere,

id. Planc. 36, 88 Wund.; id. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; Vulg. Gen. 27, 3; ib. 3 Reg. 22, 30:

accipere, ib. Judith, 14, 2: adprehendere,

ib. Psa. 34, 2:

resumere,

Suet. Calig. 48:

aptare,

Liv. 5, 49:

induere,

id. 30, 31; Ov. M. 14, 798; id. F. 1, 521; Verg. A. 11, 83; Luc. 1, 126:

accingi armis,

Verg. A. 6, 184, and Vulg. Jud. 18, 11:

armis instructus,

ib. Deut. 1, 41; ib. 1 Par. 12, 13:

concitare ad arma,

Caes. B. G. 7, 42:

descendere ad arma,

id. ib. 7, 33:

vocare ad arma,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:

vocare in arma,

Verg. A. 9, 22:

ferre contra aliquem,

Vell. 2, 56:

decernere armis,

Cic. Att. 7, 3:

armis cum hoste certare,

id. Off. 3, 22, 87; so,

saevis armis,

Verg. A. 12, 890:

dimicare armis cum aliquo,

Nep. Milt. 1, 2:

esse in armis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 49; Suet. Caes. 69:

ponere, abicere,

Cic. Fam. 6, 2:

relinquere,

Liv. 2, 10:

tradere,

Nep. Ham. 1, 5; Suet. Vit. 10:

amittere,

Verg. A. 1, 474:

proicere,

Vulg. 1 Macc. 5, 43;

7, 44: deripere militibus,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 19:

dirimere,

Luc. 1, 104 et saep.—Hence, arma virosque, per arma, per viros, etc., Liv. 8, 25; 8, 30 al.; v. Burm. ad Verg. A. 1, 1, and cf. Liv. 9, 24:

tela et arma: armorum atque telorum portationes,

Sall. C. 42, 2; Liv. 1, 25; Col. 12, 3; Tac. G. 29 and 33:

armis et castris, prov. (like remis velisque, viris equisque),

with vigor, with might and main, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84.—

Trop., means of protection, defence, weapons:

tenere semper arma (sc. eloquentiae), quibus vel tectus ipse esse possis, vel, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

prudentiae,

id. ib. 1, 38, 172:

senectutis,

id. Lael. 4. 9:

tectus Vulcaniis armis, id est fortitudine,

id. Tusc. 2, 14, 33:

eloquentiae,

Quint. 5, 12, 21:

facundiae,

id. 2, 16, 10:

justitiae,

Vulg. Rom. 6, 13; ib. 2 Cor. 6, 7:

arma lucis,

ib. Rom. 13, 12:

horriferum contra Borean ovis arma ministret, i. e. lanas,

Ov. M. 15, 471:

haec mihi Stertinius arma (i. e. praecepta) dedit,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 297; cf. id. Ep. 1, 16, 67:

arma militiae nostrae non carnalia sunt,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 10, 4.

War (once in opp. to pax, v. infra):

silent leges inter arma,

Cic. Mil. 4, 10; id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

arma civilia,

civil war, id. Fam. 2, 16, and Tac. A. 1, 9:

civilia arma,

id. Agr. 16; id. G. 37 (otherwise, bella civilia, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 86, and Tac. Agr. 13):

ab externis armis otium erat,

Liv. 3, 14; 9, 1; 3, 69 Drak.; 9, 32; 42, 2; Tac. H. 2, 1 al.:

a Rubro Mari arma conatus sit inferre Italiae,

Nep. Hann. 2, 1 (for which more freq. bellum inferre alicui, v. infero):

ad horrida promptior arma,

Ov. M. 1, 126:

qui fera nuntiet arma,

id. ib. 5, 4;

14, 479: compositis venerantur armis,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 52. So the beginning of the Æneid: Arma virumque cano; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 7:

melius visum Gallos novam gentem pace potius cognosci quam armis,

Liv. 5, 35 fin.; cf.:

cedant arma togae,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76.—Also for battle, contest:

in arma feror,

Verg. A. 2, 337; so id. ib. 2, 655.—

(Abstr. for concr.) The warriors themselves, soldiers, troops:

nulla usquam apparuerunt arma,

Liv. 41, 12:

nostro supplicio liberemus Romana arma, i. e. Romanum exercitum,

id. 9, 9; 21, 26:

Hispanias armis non ita redundare,

Tac. H. 2, 32:

expertem frustra belli et neutra arma secutum,

neither party, Ov. M. 5, 91: auxiliaria arma, auxiliaries, auxiliary troops = auxiliares (v. auxiliaris, I.), id. ib. 6, 424; cf. id. ib. 14, 528.—

Transf., poet. (like hoplon and entea in Gr.), implements, instruments, tools, utensils, in gen. Of implements for grinding and baking:

Cerealia arma,

the arms of Ceres, Verg. A. 1, 177 (cf. Hom. Od. 7, 232: entea daitos). —Of implements of agriculture, Ov. M. 11, 35:

dicendum est, quae sint duris agrestibus arma, Quīs sine nec potuere seri nec surgere messes,

Verg. G. 1, 160.—Of the equipments, tackle of a ship ( mast, sails, rudder, etc.):

colligere arma jubet validisque incumbere remis,

Verg. A. 5, 15; 6, 353.—Hence used by Ovid for wings:

haec umeris arma parata suis, A. A. 2, 50 (cf. in the foll. verse: his patria est adeunda carinis).—And so of other instruments,

Mart. 14, 36.

aegis, ĭdis, f., = aigis, idos.

The shield of Jupiter, Verg. A. 8, 354; Sil. 12, 720.—

The shield of Minerva, with Medusa's head, Verg. A. 8, 435:

contra sonantem Palladis aegida,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 57; so Ov. M. 2, 753; 6, 78 al.—Hence,

Transf.

A shield, defence. —So only Ovid of the jewelry by which maidens try to conceal their ugliness: decipit hac oculos aegide dives Amor, R. Am. 346.—

In the larch-tree, the wood nearest the pith, Plin. 16, 39, 73, § 187.

* * *

ancīle (also ancŭle after ankulion in Plut. Num.), is, n. ( gen. plur. ancilium, Tac. H. 1, 89;

but anciliorum,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 10; cf. Consent. p. 1898 P.) [prob. from ankulos, crooked, curved;

v. ango],

a small oval shield, Verg. A. 7, 188 Serv.; Luc. 9, 480; but specif. the shield that was said to have fallen from heaven in the reign of Numa [p. 117] (hence, caelestia arma, Liv. 1, 20), and on the preservation of which the prosperity of Rome was declared to depend; whereupon Numa caused eleven others exactly like it to be made by the artist Mamurius Veturius. so that if the genuine one was lost, the fact could not be known. These shields were carefully preserved by the Salian priests in the temple of Mars, and every year in March carried about in solemn procession (ancilia movere), and then returned to their place (ancilia condere), Ov. F. 3, 377; Liv. 1, 20; Verg. A. 8, 664; Tac. H. 1, 89; Suet. Oth. 8; Inscr. Orell. 2244; v. Smith, Dict. Antiq.

► Adj.:

clipeis ancilibus,

Juv. 2, 126:

arma ancilia,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 9.

ancīle (also ancŭle after ankulion in Plut. Num.), is, n. ( gen. plur. ancilium, Tac. H. 1, 89;

but anciliorum,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 10; cf. Consent. p. 1898 P.) [prob. from ankulos, crooked, curved;

v. ango],

a small oval shield, Verg. A. 7, 188 Serv.; Luc. 9, 480; but specif. the shield that was said to have fallen from heaven in the reign of Numa [p. 117] (hence, caelestia arma, Liv. 1, 20), and on the preservation of which the prosperity of Rome was declared to depend; whereupon Numa caused eleven others exactly like it to be made by the artist Mamurius Veturius. so that if the genuine one was lost, the fact could not be known. These shields were carefully preserved by the Salian priests in the temple of Mars, and every year in March carried about in solemn procession (ancilia movere), and then returned to their place (ancilia condere), Ov. F. 3, 377; Liv. 1, 20; Verg. A. 8, 664; Tac. H. 1, 89; Suet. Oth. 8; Inscr. Orell. 2244; v. Smith, Dict. Antiq.

► Adj.:

clipeis ancilibus,

Juv. 2, 126:

arma ancilia,

Val. Max. 1, 1, 9.

* * *

sĭnister, tra, trum ( comp. sinisterior; sup. sinistimus, Prisc. pp. 605 and 607 P.; Fest. s. v. dextimum, p. 74; and s. v. sinistrae, p. 339 Müll.), adj. [etym. dub.; perh. from sinus (i. e. togae); cf. Pott, Etym. Forsch. 2, 555; the ending is a double comp. -is and -ter; cf.: magister, minister].

Left, on the left, on the left hand or side (syn.:

laevus, scaevus): manus sinistra (opp. dextra),

Quint. 11, 3, 114:

manus,

Nep. Dat. 3; Quint. 11, 3, 159:

bracchium,

id. 11, 3, 141:

latus,

id. 11, 3, 99:

numerus,

id. 11, 3, 93; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 140:

pes,

id. 11, 3, 125; 11, 3, 159:

cornu (opp. dextrum),

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 62; id. B. C. 2, 34; 3, 67 al.:

pars,

id. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

angulus castrorum,

id. ib. 3, 66:

ripa,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 18:

calceus,

Suet. Aug. 92:

tibia,

Phaedr. 5, 7, 7 et saep.—As substt.

sĭnistrum, i, n. (sc. latus), the left side:

reicere a sinistro togam,

Quint. 11, 3, 144; so,

in sinistrum,

id. 11, 3, 109; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 114; 11, 3, 135.—

sĭnistra, ae, f. (sc. manus), the left hand, the left:

sinistrā impeditā satis commode pugnare non poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; id. B. C. 1, 75 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 131; 11, 3, 160; Suet. Claud. 21; Ov. M. 12, 89 et saep.—Used in stealing:

natae ad furta sinistrae,

Ov. M. 13, 111; cf. Cat. 12, 1;

hence, of a thief's accomplices: Porci et Socration, duae sinistrae Pisonis,

id. 47, 1.—As bearing the shield and defending:

idem (Afer) per allegoriam M. Caelium melius obicientem crimina quam defendentem, Bonam dextram, malam sinistram habere dicebat,

Quint. 6, 3, 69 —

Transf., the left side:

cur a dextrā corvus, a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

aspicite a sinistrā,

id. Phil. 6, 5, 12:

aspice nunc ad sinistram,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38:

sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

miles dexterā ac sinistrā muro tectus,

id. B. C. 2, 15; cf.:

innumerabiles supra infra, dextrā sinistrā, ante post ejusmodi mundos esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125.— Rarely in plur.: sinistris repentino consilio Poetelii consulis additae vires (opp. dextra [p. 1708] pars), Liv. 9, 27, 9.— Comp.:

in sinisteriore parte (= sinistrā),

Varr. L. L. 9, § 34 Müll.; so, cornu (opp. dexterius), Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

bracchium,

Suet. Dom. 17:

mamma,

Cels. 4, 1 med.:

equus funalis,

Suet. Tib. 6 fin.:

rota,

Ov. M. 2, 139.— Sup., v. supra init. —

Trop.

Awkward, wrong, perverse, improper ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

mores,

Verg. A. 11, 347:

liberalitas,

Cat. 29, 16:

instituta (Judaeorum),

Tac. H. 5, 5:

natura (with prava),

Curt. 7, 4, 10.—

Unlucky, injurious, adverse, unfavorable, ill, bad, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

arboribus satisque Notus pecorique sinister,

Verg. G. 1, 444:

interpretatio,

Tac. Agr. 5 fin.; cf.:

sermones de Tiberio,

id. A. 1, 74; so,

sermones,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

fama eo de homine,

Tac. A. 6, 32; 11, 19; id. H. 1, 51 fin.:

rumor lenti itineris,

id. ib. 2, 93 fin.:

diligentia,

Plin. Ep. 7, 28, 3 et saep.:

pugna Cannensis,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 9:

studii signa sinistra mei,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 64; v. also infra, C. fin. —With gen.:

(Hannibal) fidei sinister,

faithless, Sil. 1, 56 (cf.:

pravos fidei,

id. 3, 253).— Subst.: sĭnistrum, i, n., evil:

(matrona) studiosa sinistri,

Ov. Tr. 2, 257.—

With respect to auspices and divination, acc. to the Roman notions, lucky, favorable, auspicious (because the Romans on these occasions turned the face towards the south, and so had the eastern or fortunate side on the left; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had it on their right; cf.

dexter, II. 2.): ita nobis sinistra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, meliora. Quamquam haud ignoro, quae bona sint, sinistra nos dicere, etiam si dextra sint, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82; cf.:

fulmen sinistrum auspicium optimum habemus ad omnes res praeterquam ad comitia,

id. ib. 2, 35, 74 (with this cf. id. Phil. 2, 38, 99):

liquido exeo foras Auspicio, avi sinistra,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 2; so,

avi sinistra,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 72; cf.

cornix,

Verg. E. 9, 15:

volatus avium,

Plin. Pan. 5, 3:

tonitrus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 49.—Sometimes in the Greek sense (or in direct reference to the signif. B.), unlucky, unfavorable, inauspicious:

di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,

Ov. H. 13, 49:

avibus sinistris,

id. ib. 2, 115:

sinistris auspiciis,

Val. Max. 4, 7, 2 fin.:

fulmen,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

sinistram approbationem (opp. dextram),

Cat. 45, 8 and 17;

cf: sinistro pede proficisci,

App. M. 1, p. 104, 23.—Hence, adv.: sĭnistrē, badly, wrongly, perversely:

derisum semel exceptumque sinistre,

Hor. A. P. 452:

accipere,

Tac. H. 1, 7; 3, 52 fin.:

non tam sinistre constitutum est,

Plin. Pan. 45, 5.

sĭnister, tra, trum ( comp. sinisterior; sup. sinistimus, Prisc. pp. 605 and 607 P.; Fest. s. v. dextimum, p. 74; and s. v. sinistrae, p. 339 Müll.), adj. [etym. dub.; perh. from sinus (i. e. togae); cf. Pott, Etym. Forsch. 2, 555; the ending is a double comp. -is and -ter; cf.: magister, minister].

Left, on the left, on the left hand or side (syn.:

laevus, scaevus): manus sinistra (opp. dextra),

Quint. 11, 3, 114:

manus,

Nep. Dat. 3; Quint. 11, 3, 159:

bracchium,

id. 11, 3, 141:

latus,

id. 11, 3, 99:

numerus,

id. 11, 3, 93; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 140:

pes,

id. 11, 3, 125; 11, 3, 159:

cornu (opp. dextrum),

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 62; id. B. C. 2, 34; 3, 67 al.:

pars,

id. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

angulus castrorum,

id. ib. 3, 66:

ripa,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 18:

calceus,

Suet. Aug. 92:

tibia,

Phaedr. 5, 7, 7 et saep.—As substt.

sĭnistrum, i, n. (sc. latus), the left side:

reicere a sinistro togam,

Quint. 11, 3, 144; so,

in sinistrum,

id. 11, 3, 109; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 114; 11, 3, 135.—

sĭnistra, ae, f. (sc. manus), the left hand, the left:

sinistrā impeditā satis commode pugnare non poterant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; id. B. C. 1, 75 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 131; 11, 3, 160; Suet. Claud. 21; Ov. M. 12, 89 et saep.—Used in stealing:

natae ad furta sinistrae,

Ov. M. 13, 111; cf. Cat. 12, 1;

hence, of a thief's accomplices: Porci et Socration, duae sinistrae Pisonis,

id. 47, 1.—As bearing the shield and defending:

idem (Afer) per allegoriam M. Caelium melius obicientem crimina quam defendentem, Bonam dextram, malam sinistram habere dicebat,

Quint. 6, 3, 69 —

Transf., the left side:

cur a dextrā corvus, a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

aspicite a sinistrā,

id. Phil. 6, 5, 12:

aspice nunc ad sinistram,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38:

sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

miles dexterā ac sinistrā muro tectus,

id. B. C. 2, 15; cf.:

innumerabiles supra infra, dextrā sinistrā, ante post ejusmodi mundos esse,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125.— Rarely in plur.: sinistris repentino consilio Poetelii consulis additae vires (opp. dextra [p. 1708] pars), Liv. 9, 27, 9.— Comp.:

in sinisteriore parte (= sinistrā),

Varr. L. L. 9, § 34 Müll.; so, cornu (opp. dexterius), Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

bracchium,

Suet. Dom. 17:

mamma,

Cels. 4, 1 med.:

equus funalis,

Suet. Tib. 6 fin.:

rota,

Ov. M. 2, 139.— Sup., v. supra init. —

Trop.

Awkward, wrong, perverse, improper ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

mores,

Verg. A. 11, 347:

liberalitas,

Cat. 29, 16:

instituta (Judaeorum),

Tac. H. 5, 5:

natura (with prava),

Curt. 7, 4, 10.—

Unlucky, injurious, adverse, unfavorable, ill, bad, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

arboribus satisque Notus pecorique sinister,

Verg. G. 1, 444:

interpretatio,

Tac. Agr. 5 fin.; cf.:

sermones de Tiberio,

id. A. 1, 74; so,

sermones,

Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

fama eo de homine,

Tac. A. 6, 32; 11, 19; id. H. 1, 51 fin.:

rumor lenti itineris,

id. ib. 2, 93 fin.:

diligentia,

Plin. Ep. 7, 28, 3 et saep.:

pugna Cannensis,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 9:

studii signa sinistra mei,

Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 64; v. also infra, C. fin. —With gen.:

(Hannibal) fidei sinister,

faithless, Sil. 1, 56 (cf.:

pravos fidei,

id. 3, 253).— Subst.: sĭnistrum, i, n., evil:

(matrona) studiosa sinistri,

Ov. Tr. 2, 257.—

With respect to auspices and divination, acc. to the Roman notions, lucky, favorable, auspicious (because the Romans on these occasions turned the face towards the south, and so had the eastern or fortunate side on the left; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had it on their right; cf.

dexter, II. 2.): ita nobis sinistra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, meliora. Quamquam haud ignoro, quae bona sint, sinistra nos dicere, etiam si dextra sint, etc.,

Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82; cf.:

fulmen sinistrum auspicium optimum habemus ad omnes res praeterquam ad comitia,

id. ib. 2, 35, 74 (with this cf. id. Phil. 2, 38, 99):

liquido exeo foras Auspicio, avi sinistra,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 2; so,

avi sinistra,

id. Ps. 2, 4, 72; cf.

cornix,

Verg. E. 9, 15:

volatus avium,

Plin. Pan. 5, 3:

tonitrus,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 49.—Sometimes in the Greek sense (or in direct reference to the signif. B.), unlucky, unfavorable, inauspicious:

di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,

Ov. H. 13, 49:

avibus sinistris,

id. ib. 2, 115:

sinistris auspiciis,

Val. Max. 4, 7, 2 fin.:

fulmen,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

sinistram approbationem (opp. dextram),

Cat. 45, 8 and 17;

cf: sinistro pede proficisci,

App. M. 1, p. 104, 23.—Hence, adv.: sĭnistrē, badly, wrongly, perversely:

derisum semel exceptumque sinistre,

Hor. A. P. 452:

accipere,

Tac. H. 1, 7; 3, 52 fin.:

non tam sinistre constitutum est,

Plin. Pan. 45, 5.

Gorgo, ŏnis, or -gūs (also Gorgŏ-na, ae, Prud. steph. 10, 278), f., = Gorgô, a daughter of Phorcus, called Medusa, whose hair consisted of snakes, and who turned all she looked upon to stone; she was killed by Perseus. Her head was fixed on the shield of Pallas, and from her blood sprang the winged horse Pegasus, Ov. M. 4, 699; 5, 180; 202; Verg. A. 2, 616; 8, 438; Val. Fl. 3, 54; Mart. 9, 26, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124.—In apposition:

ora Medusae Gorgonis anguineis cincta fuisse comis,

Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 12.— Plur., the Gorgons, the three daughters of Phorcus, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, all of whom are described as above, Verg. A. 6, 289; Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 200; Mart. 10, 4, 9. —

Derivv.

Gorgŏnĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Gorgon, Gorgonian:

crines,

Ov. M. 4, 801; 5, 196:

domus,

the dwelling of Gorgon, id. ib. 4, 779:

ignis,

id. A. A. 3, 504:

venena,

i. e. snaky hair like that of Gorgon, Verg. A. 7, 341:

equus,

i. e. Pegasus, Ov. F. 3, 450; Stat. Th. 4, 61:

caballus, the same,

Juv. 3, 118.—Hence also:

lacus,

the fountain Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon, which burst forth where Pegasus struck the ground with his hoof, Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 32.—

Gorgŏnĭa, ae, f., coral (which hardens in the air), Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164.

Gorgo, ŏnis, or -gūs (also Gorgŏ-na, ae, Prud. steph. 10, 278), f., = Gorgô, a daughter of Phorcus, called Medusa, whose hair consisted of snakes, and who turned all she looked upon to stone; she was killed by Perseus. Her head was fixed on the shield of Pallas, and from her blood sprang the winged horse Pegasus, Ov. M. 4, 699; 5, 180; 202; Verg. A. 2, 616; 8, 438; Val. Fl. 3, 54; Mart. 9, 26, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124.—In apposition:

ora Medusae Gorgonis anguineis cincta fuisse comis,

Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 12.— Plur., the Gorgons, the three daughters of Phorcus, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, all of whom are described as above, Verg. A. 6, 289; Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 200; Mart. 10, 4, 9. —

Derivv.

Gorgŏnĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Gorgon, Gorgonian:

crines,

Ov. M. 4, 801; 5, 196:

domus,

the dwelling of Gorgon, id. ib. 4, 779:

ignis,

id. A. A. 3, 504:

venena,

i. e. snaky hair like that of Gorgon, Verg. A. 7, 341:

equus,

i. e. Pegasus, Ov. F. 3, 450; Stat. Th. 4, 61:

caballus, the same,

Juv. 3, 118.—Hence also:

lacus,

the fountain Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon, which burst forth where Pegasus struck the ground with his hoof, Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 32.—

Gorgŏnĭa, ae, f., coral (which hardens in the air), Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164.

Gorgo, ŏnis, or -gūs (also Gorgŏ-na, ae, Prud. steph. 10, 278), f., = Gorgô, a daughter of Phorcus, called Medusa, whose hair consisted of snakes, and who turned all she looked upon to stone; she was killed by Perseus. Her head was fixed on the shield of Pallas, and from her blood sprang the winged horse Pegasus, Ov. M. 4, 699; 5, 180; 202; Verg. A. 2, 616; 8, 438; Val. Fl. 3, 54; Mart. 9, 26, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124.—In apposition:

ora Medusae Gorgonis anguineis cincta fuisse comis,

Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 12.— Plur., the Gorgons, the three daughters of Phorcus, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, all of whom are described as above, Verg. A. 6, 289; Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 200; Mart. 10, 4, 9. —

Derivv.

Gorgŏnĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Gorgon, Gorgonian:

crines,

Ov. M. 4, 801; 5, 196:

domus,

the dwelling of Gorgon, id. ib. 4, 779:

ignis,

id. A. A. 3, 504:

venena,

i. e. snaky hair like that of Gorgon, Verg. A. 7, 341:

equus,

i. e. Pegasus, Ov. F. 3, 450; Stat. Th. 4, 61:

caballus, the same,

Juv. 3, 118.—Hence also:

lacus,

the fountain Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon, which burst forth where Pegasus struck the ground with his hoof, Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 32.—

Gorgŏnĭa, ae, f., coral (which hardens in the air), Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164.

Gorgo, ŏnis, or -gūs (also Gorgŏ-na, ae, Prud. steph. 10, 278), f., = Gorgô, a daughter of Phorcus, called Medusa, whose hair consisted of snakes, and who turned all she looked upon to stone; she was killed by Perseus. Her head was fixed on the shield of Pallas, and from her blood sprang the winged horse Pegasus, Ov. M. 4, 699; 5, 180; 202; Verg. A. 2, 616; 8, 438; Val. Fl. 3, 54; Mart. 9, 26, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124.—In apposition:

ora Medusae Gorgonis anguineis cincta fuisse comis,

Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 12.— Plur., the Gorgons, the three daughters of Phorcus, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, all of whom are described as above, Verg. A. 6, 289; Plin. 6, 31, 36, § 200; Mart. 10, 4, 9. —

Derivv.

Gorgŏnĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Gorgon, Gorgonian:

crines,

Ov. M. 4, 801; 5, 196:

domus,

the dwelling of Gorgon, id. ib. 4, 779:

ignis,

id. A. A. 3, 504:

venena,

i. e. snaky hair like that of Gorgon, Verg. A. 7, 341:

equus,

i. e. Pegasus, Ov. F. 3, 450; Stat. Th. 4, 61:

caballus, the same,

Juv. 3, 118.—Hence also:

lacus,

the fountain Hippocrene, on Mount Helicon, which burst forth where Pegasus struck the ground with his hoof, Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 32.—

Gorgŏnĭa, ae, f., coral (which hardens in the air), Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 164.

objectus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from obicio.

objectus, ūs, m. [obicio], a casting before, a putting against, in the way, or opposite, an opposing; or, neutr., a lying before or opposite (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose): dare objectum parmaï, the opposing of the shield, * Lucr. 4, 847:

vestis,

Col. 3, 19:

insula portum Efficit objectu laterum,

by the opposition, Verg. A. 1, 160:

cum terga flumine, latera objectu paludis tegerentur,

Tac. H. 3, 9:

molis,

id. ib. 5, 14:

regiones, quae Tauri montis objectu separantur,

Gell. 12, 13, 27:

solem interventu lunae occultari, lunamque terrae objectu,

the interposition, Plin. 2, 10, 7, § 47; cf.: eademque (terra) objectu suo umbram noctemque efficiat, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 243, 13 dub. (al. objecta soli):

hi molium objectus (i. e. moles objectas) scandere,

the projection, Tac. A. 14, 8.—

Transf., that which presents itself to the sight, an object, appearance, sight, spectacle, Nep. Hann. 5, 2 (al. objecto).

* * *

Mĕdūsa, ae, f., = Medousa, daughter of Phorcus; she captivated Neptune with her golden hair, and became by him the mother of Pegasus. Minerva, as a punishment, turned her hair into serpents, and gave to her eyes an enchanted power of converting everything they looked upon to stone. Perseus, provided with the shield of Pallas, slew her, and carried off her head, while from the blood that dropped from it serpents sprung, Ov. M. 4, 654; 793; Luc. 9, 626.—Hence,

Mĕdūsaeus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Medusa, Medusan ( poet.):

monstrum,

Ov. M. 10, 22:

equus,

i. e. Pegasus, id. F. 5, 8; cf.

praepes,

i. e. Pegasus, id. M. 5, 257:

fons,

i. e. the fount Hippocrene, struck open by a blow of the hoof of Pegasus, id. ib. 5, 312.

Mĕdūsa, ae, f., = Medousa, daughter of Phorcus; she captivated Neptune with her golden hair, and became by him the mother of Pegasus. Minerva, as a punishment, turned her hair into serpents, and gave to her eyes an enchanted power of converting everything they looked upon to stone. Perseus, provided with the shield of Pallas, slew her, and carried off her head, while from the blood that dropped from it serpents sprung, Ov. M. 4, 654; 793; Luc. 9, 626.—Hence,

Mĕdūsaeus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Medusa, Medusan ( poet.):

monstrum,

Ov. M. 10, 22:

equus,

i. e. Pegasus, id. F. 5, 8; cf.

praepes,

i. e. Pegasus, id. M. 5, 257:

fons,

i. e. the fount Hippocrene, struck open by a blow of the hoof of Pegasus, id. ib. 5, 312.

clĭpĕus (in inscrr. and MSS. also clŭp- and clyp-), i, m. ( clĭpĕum, i, n., Verg. A. 9, 709; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 34, 52, 5; 35, 10, 12; 38, 35, 5; 40, 51, 3; Licin. et Laber. ap. Non. p. 196, 22 sq. al.) [root in clepo].

The round brazen shield of Roman soldiers (diff. from scutum, which was oval, and made of wood covered with bull's hide; cf. Dict. of Antiq. p. 268 sq.), Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 838 P. (Enn. Ann. 364 Vahl.); Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 195; 3, 2, 93; id. Truc. 2, 6, 25; Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; id. Div. 1, 44, 99; id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 17, 73; Nep. Iphic. 1, 3; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 8, 8, 3; 9, 19, 7; Verg. A. 2, 443; 7, 626; 8, 447; Hor. C. 1, 28, 11; Ov. M. 8, 27; 12, 621.—Prov.:

clipeum post vulnera sumere,

i. e. to do something when it is too late, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 35. —

Trop., a shield, protection, defence, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 433.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a shield. *

The vault of heaven: in altisono caeli clupeo, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 73 Müll.—

The disk of the sun, Ov. M. 15, 192.—

A round meteor:

clipei et vastorum imagines ignium,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 15; 7, 20, 2; Plin. 2, 34, 34, § 100.—But esp. freq.,

A bust of the gods or distinguished men, represented upon a shield-formed surface (of gold, silver, etc., skilfully prepared, and often laid up as sacred gifts in the temples; so mostly in neutr. form; v. supra init.):

scutis qualibus apud Trojam pugnatum est, continebantur imagines, unde et nomen habuere clipeorum,

Plin. 35, 3, 4, § 13; Liv. 25, 39, 13; 35, 10, 12; Tac. A. 2, 83; Suet. Calig. 16; id. Dom. 23; Dig. 9, 3, 5 fin. —

Clipeum antiqui ob rotunditatem etiam corium bovis appellarunt, in quo foedus Gabinorum cum Romanis fuerat descriptum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 56 Müll. (cf. the same use of hoplon, Corp. Inscr. Graec. II. p. 664).

clĭpĕus (in inscrr. and MSS. also clŭp- and clyp-), i, m. ( clĭpĕum, i, n., Verg. A. 9, 709; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 34, 52, 5; 35, 10, 12; 38, 35, 5; 40, 51, 3; Licin. et Laber. ap. Non. p. 196, 22 sq. al.) [root in clepo].

The round brazen shield of Roman soldiers (diff. from scutum, which was oval, and made of wood covered with bull's hide; cf. Dict. of Antiq. p. 268 sq.), Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.; id. ap. Prisc. p. 838 P. (Enn. Ann. 364 Vahl.); Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 195; 3, 2, 93; id. Truc. 2, 6, 25; Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; id. Div. 1, 44, 99; id. Tusc. 1, 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 17, 73; Nep. Iphic. 1, 3; Liv. 1, 43, 2; 8, 8, 3; 9, 19, 7; Verg. A. 2, 443; 7, 626; 8, 447; Hor. C. 1, 28, 11; Ov. M. 8, 27; 12, 621.—Prov.:

clipeum post vulnera sumere,

i. e. to do something when it is too late, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 35. —

Trop., a shield, protection, defence, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 433.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a shield. *

The vault of heaven: in altisono caeli clupeo, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 73 Müll.—

The disk of the sun, Ov. M. 15, 192.—

A round meteor:

clipei et vastorum imagines ignium,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 15; 7, 20, 2; Plin. 2, 34, 34, § 100.—But esp. freq.,

A bust of the gods or distinguished men, represented upon a shield-formed surface (of gold, silver, etc., skilfully prepared, and often laid up as sacred gifts in the temples; so mostly in neutr. form; v. supra init.):

scutis qualibus apud Trojam pugnatum est, continebantur imagines, unde et nomen habuere clipeorum,

Plin. 35, 3, 4, § 13; Liv. 25, 39, 13; 35, 10, 12; Tac. A. 2, 83; Suet. Calig. 16; id. Dom. 23; Dig. 9, 3, 5 fin. —

Clipeum antiqui ob rotunditatem etiam corium bovis appellarunt, in quo foedus Gabinorum cum Romanis fuerat descriptum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 56 Müll. (cf. the same use of hoplon, Corp. Inscr. Graec. II. p. 664).